Percentage of students at each CT proficiency level across countries

Notes:

Standard error appear in parentheses (). Because of rounding some results may appear inconsistent. ICILS 2023 average is based on all non‐benchmarking participants that met sampling participation requirements.

† Met guidelines for sampling participation rates only after replacement schools were included.

‡ Does not meet guideline for sampling participation rate, but achieved at least 50% overall sampling participation rate.

1 National defined population covers 90% to 95% of the national target population. See Appendix A for further information.